Factors associated with poor maternal outcomes (fatality and composite of fatality or permanent neurological injury) amongst women with AFE from each of the countries were investigated using logistic regression or Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Risk factors for AFE were investigated by comparing the women with AFE in Australia and the UK with the control women identified in these countries using logistic regression. Secondary data on women with AFE (n = 99-218, depending on case definition) collected prospectively in population-based studies conducted in Australia, France, the Netherlands, Slovakia, and the UK were pooled along with secondary data on a sample of control women (n = 4,938) collected in Australia and the UK. This study aimed to pool data from multiple countries in order to describe risk factors, management, and outcomes of AFE and to explore the impact on the findings of considering United Kingdom, international, and United States AFE case definitions.Ī population-based cohort and nested case-control study was conducted using the International Network of Obstetric Survey Systems (INOSS). However, obtaining robust information about the condition is challenging because of its rarity and its difficulty to diagnose. 8 Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom.Īmniotic fluid embolism (AFE) remains one of the principal reported causes of direct maternal mortality in high-income countries.7 Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.6 Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.5 First Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.4 Université de Paris, CRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOPé, INSERM, Paris, France.
3 Birth Centre Wilhelmina Children Hospital, Division of Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.1 National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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